Ogre uses thread pool based concurrency, where a fixed number of persistent worker threads are used to process incoming jobs. The worker threads are organized in WorkQueues, which allows implementing load-balancing.

By default Ogre creates one Ogre::WorkQueue, implementing Ogre::DefaultWorkQueueBase with 1-2 workers attached. The workers are started after the first Ogre::RenderWindow is created. You can customize the default work queue by calling Ogre::DefaultWorkQueueBase::setWorkerThreadCount and Ogre::DefaultWorkQueueBase::setWorkersCanAccessRenderSystem before the WorkQueue is started or later by manually restarting the WorkQueue.

For resource loading, there is additionally the high-level Ogre::ResourceBackgroundQueue interface, that dispatches work to the default WorkQueue, but hides the internal Ogre::WorkQueue::Request/ Ogre::WorkQueue::Response handling.

To prepare a Texture in the background you can do:

Ogre::TexturePtr tex = ...;
Ogre::ResourceBackgroundQueue& rbq = Ogre::ResourceBackgroundQueue::getSingleton();
std::future<void> fut = rbq.prepare(tex);

the returned std::future can be used to poll whether it is finished via std::future::wait_for. However, the preferred way to get notified about the operation being completed is to register a Ogre::Resource::Listener.

In the default build config, background workers cannot access the Ogre::RenderSystem to avoid the overhead incurred by the underlying APIs. Therefore, only Ogre::Resource::prepare can be called by a worker, while Ogre::Resource::load must be done on the main thread.

Note: This makes calls to Ogre::Resource::setBackgroundLoaded obsolete as they cause Resources to ignore load() calls from the main thread, enforcing that they are loaded from a Worker thread.

The table below shows an overview what the prepared and loaded states mean for different resource types.

Type	Prepared	Loaded
Mesh	read file to memory	parsed and uploaded to GPU
Material	prepared and compiled supported techniques	supported techniques loaded
Texture	read and decoded images	uploaded to GPU
GpuProgram (HLSL)	read source and compiled microcode	uploaded to GPU and created buffers
GpuProgram (GLSL)	read and preprocessed source	compiled and uploaded to GPU
Compositor	-	compiled supported techniques and created textures
Skeleton	read and parsed animation	-