OGRE-Next  2.3
Object-Oriented Graphics Rendering Engine
Ogre::Quaternion Class Reference

Implementation of a Quaternion, i.e. More...

#include <OgreQuaternion.h>

Public Member Functions

 Quaternion ()
 Default constructor, initializes to identity rotation (aka 0°) More...
 
 Quaternion (const Matrix3 &rot)
 Construct a quaternion from a rotation matrix. More...
 
 Quaternion (const Radian &rfAngle, const Vector3 &rkAxis)
 Construct a quaternion from an angle/axis. More...
 
 Quaternion (const Vector3 &xaxis, const Vector3 &yaxis, const Vector3 &zaxis)
 Construct a quaternion from 3 orthonormal local axes. More...
 
 Quaternion (const Vector3 *akAxis)
 Construct a quaternion from 3 orthonormal local axes. More...
 
 Quaternion (Real *valptr)
 Construct a quaternion from 4 manual w/x/y/z values. More...
 
 Quaternion (Real fW, Real fX, Real fY, Real fZ)
 Construct from an explicit list of values. More...
 
Real Dot (const Quaternion &rkQ) const
 Returns the dot product of the quaternion. More...
 
bool equals (const Quaternion &rhs, const Radian &tolerance) const
 Equality with tolerance (tolerance is max angle difference) More...
 
Quaternion Exp () const
 Apply to unit-length quaternion. More...
 
void FromAngleAxis (const Radian &rfAngle, const Vector3 &rkAxis)
 Setups the quaternion using the supplied vector, and "roll" around that vector by the specified radians. More...
 
void FromAxes (const Vector3 &xAxis, const Vector3 &yAxis, const Vector3 &zAxis)
 
void FromAxes (const Vector3 *akAxis)
 Constructs the quaternion using 3 axes, the axes are assumed to be orthonormal. More...
 
void FromRotationMatrix (const Matrix3 &kRot)
 
Radian getPitch (bool reprojectAxis=true) const
 Calculate the local pitch element of this quaternion. More...
 
Radian getRoll (bool reprojectAxis=true) const
 Calculate the local roll element of this quaternion. More...
 
Radian getYaw (bool reprojectAxis=true) const
 Calculate the local yaw element of this quaternion. More...
 
Quaternion Inverse () const
 
bool isNaN () const
 Check whether this quaternion contains valid values. More...
 
Quaternion Log () const
 
Real Norm () const
 
Real normalise ()
 Normalises this quaternion, and returns the previous length. More...
 
bool operator!= (const Quaternion &rhs) const
 
Quaternion operator* (const Quaternion &rkQ) const
 
Vector3 operator* (const Vector3 &rkVector) const
 Rotation of a vector by a quaternion. More...
 
Quaternion operator* (Real fScalar) const
 
Quaternion operator+ (const Quaternion &rkQ) const
 
Quaternion operator- () const
 
Quaternion operator- (const Quaternion &rkQ) const
 
bool operator== (const Quaternion &rhs) const
 
Realoperator[] (const size_t i)
 Array accessor operator. More...
 
Real operator[] (const size_t i) const
 Array accessor operator. More...
 
bool orientationEquals (const Quaternion &other, Real tolerance=1e-3) const
 Compare two quaternions which are assumed to be used as orientations. More...
 
Realptr ()
 Pointer accessor for direct copying. More...
 
const Realptr () const
 Pointer accessor for direct copying. More...
 
void swap (Quaternion &other)
 Exchange the contents of this quaternion with another. More...
 
void ToAngleAxis (Degree &dAngle, Vector3 &rkAxis) const
 
void ToAngleAxis (Radian &rfAngle, Vector3 &rkAxis) const
 
void ToAxes (Vector3 &xAxis, Vector3 &yAxis, Vector3 &zAxis) const
 
void ToAxes (Vector3 *akAxis) const
 Gets the 3 orthonormal axes defining the quaternion. More...
 
void ToRotationMatrix (Matrix3 &kRot) const
 
Quaternion UnitInverse () const
 Apply to non-zero quaternion. More...
 
Vector3 xAxis () const
 Returns the X orthonormal axis defining the quaternion. More...
 
Vector3 yAxis () const
 Returns the Y orthonormal axis defining the quaternion. More...
 
Vector3 zAxis () const
 Returns the Z orthonormal axis defining the quaternion. More...
 

Static Public Member Functions

static void Intermediate (const Quaternion &rkQ0, const Quaternion &rkQ1, const Quaternion &rkQ2, Quaternion &rka, Quaternion &rkB)
 Setup for spherical quadratic interpolation. More...
 
static Quaternion nlerp (Real fT, const Quaternion &rkP, const Quaternion &rkQ, bool shortestPath=false)
 Performs Normalised linear interpolation between two quaternions, and returns the result. More...
 
static Quaternion Slerp (Real fT, const Quaternion &rkP, const Quaternion &rkQ, bool shortestPath=false)
 Performs Spherical linear interpolation between two quaternions, and returns the result. More...
 
static Quaternion SlerpExtraSpins (Real fT, const Quaternion &rkP, const Quaternion &rkQ, int iExtraSpins)
 
static Quaternion Squad (Real fT, const Quaternion &rkP, const Quaternion &rkA, const Quaternion &rkB, const Quaternion &rkQ, bool shortestPath=false)
 Spherical quadratic interpolation. More...
 

Public Attributes

Real w
 
Real x
 
Real y
 
Real z
 

Static Public Attributes

static const Quaternion IDENTITY
 
static const Real msEpsilon
 Cutoff for sine near zero. More...
 
static const Quaternion ZERO
 

Friends

_OgreExport friend Quaternion operator* (Real fScalar, const Quaternion &rkQ)
 
_OgreExport friend std::ostream & operator<< (std::ostream &o, const Quaternion &q)
 Function for writing to a stream. More...
 

Detailed Description

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

◆ Quaternion() [1/7]

Ogre::Quaternion::Quaternion ( )
inline

Default constructor, initializes to identity rotation (aka 0°)

◆ Quaternion() [2/7]

Ogre::Quaternion::Quaternion ( Real  fW,
Real  fX,
Real  fY,
Real  fZ 
)
inline

Construct from an explicit list of values.

◆ Quaternion() [3/7]

Ogre::Quaternion::Quaternion ( const Matrix3 rot)
inline

Construct a quaternion from a rotation matrix.

◆ Quaternion() [4/7]

Ogre::Quaternion::Quaternion ( const Radian rfAngle,
const Vector3 rkAxis 
)
inline

Construct a quaternion from an angle/axis.

◆ Quaternion() [5/7]

Ogre::Quaternion::Quaternion ( const Vector3 xaxis,
const Vector3 yaxis,
const Vector3 zaxis 
)
inline

Construct a quaternion from 3 orthonormal local axes.

◆ Quaternion() [6/7]

Ogre::Quaternion::Quaternion ( const Vector3 akAxis)
inline

Construct a quaternion from 3 orthonormal local axes.

◆ Quaternion() [7/7]

Ogre::Quaternion::Quaternion ( Real valptr)
inline

Construct a quaternion from 4 manual w/x/y/z values.

Member Function Documentation

◆ Dot()

Real Ogre::Quaternion::Dot ( const Quaternion rkQ) const

Returns the dot product of the quaternion.

◆ equals()

bool Ogre::Quaternion::equals ( const Quaternion rhs,
const Radian tolerance 
) const

Equality with tolerance (tolerance is max angle difference)

Remarks
Both equals() and orientationEquals() measure the exact same thing. One measures the difference by angle, the other by a different, non-linear metric.

◆ Exp()

Quaternion Ogre::Quaternion::Exp ( ) const

Apply to unit-length quaternion.

◆ FromAngleAxis()

void Ogre::Quaternion::FromAngleAxis ( const Radian rfAngle,
const Vector3 rkAxis 
)

Setups the quaternion using the supplied vector, and "roll" around that vector by the specified radians.

Referenced by Ogre::Vector3::getRotationTo(), and Ogre::Vector3::randomDeviant().

◆ FromAxes() [1/2]

void Ogre::Quaternion::FromAxes ( const Vector3 xAxis,
const Vector3 yAxis,
const Vector3 zAxis 
)

◆ FromAxes() [2/2]

void Ogre::Quaternion::FromAxes ( const Vector3 akAxis)

Constructs the quaternion using 3 axes, the axes are assumed to be orthonormal.

See also
FromAxes

◆ FromRotationMatrix()

void Ogre::Quaternion::FromRotationMatrix ( const Matrix3 kRot)

◆ getPitch()

Radian Ogre::Quaternion::getPitch ( bool  reprojectAxis = true) const

Calculate the local pitch element of this quaternion.

Parameters
reprojectAxisBy default the method returns the 'intuitive' result that is, if you projected the local Z of the quaternion onto the X and Y axes, the angle between them is returned. If set to true though, the result is the actual yaw that will be used to implement the quaternion, which is the shortest possible path to get to the same orientation and may involve less axial rotation. The co-domain of the returned value is from -180 to 180 degrees.

◆ getRoll()

Radian Ogre::Quaternion::getRoll ( bool  reprojectAxis = true) const

Calculate the local roll element of this quaternion.

Parameters
reprojectAxisBy default the method returns the 'intuitive' result that is, if you projected the local Y of the quaternion onto the X and Y axes, the angle between them is returned. If set to false though, the result is the actual yaw that will be used to implement the quaternion, which is the shortest possible path to get to the same orientation and may involve less axial rotation. The co-domain of the returned value is from -180 to 180 degrees.

◆ getYaw()

Radian Ogre::Quaternion::getYaw ( bool  reprojectAxis = true) const

Calculate the local yaw element of this quaternion.

Parameters
reprojectAxisBy default the method returns the 'intuitive' result that is, if you projected the local Y of the quaternion onto the X and Z axes, the angle between them is returned. If set to true though, the result is the actual yaw that will be used to implement the quaternion, which is the shortest possible path to get to the same orientation and may involve less axial rotation. The co-domain of the returned value is from -180 to 180 degrees.

◆ Intermediate()

static void Ogre::Quaternion::Intermediate ( const Quaternion rkQ0,
const Quaternion rkQ1,
const Quaternion rkQ2,
Quaternion rka,
Quaternion rkB 
)
static

Setup for spherical quadratic interpolation.

◆ Inverse()

Quaternion Ogre::Quaternion::Inverse ( ) const

◆ isNaN()

bool Ogre::Quaternion::isNaN ( ) const
inline

Check whether this quaternion contains valid values.

References Ogre::Math::isNaN().

◆ Log()

Quaternion Ogre::Quaternion::Log ( ) const

◆ nlerp()

static Quaternion Ogre::Quaternion::nlerp ( Real  fT,
const Quaternion rkP,
const Quaternion rkQ,
bool  shortestPath = false 
)
static

Performs Normalised linear interpolation between two quaternions, and returns the result.

nlerp ( 0.0f, A, B ) = A nlerp ( 1.0f, A, B ) = B

Remarks
Nlerp is faster than Slerp. Nlerp has the proprieties of being commutative (
See also
Slerp; commutativity is desired in certain places, like IK animation), and being torque-minimal (unless shortestPath=false). However, it's performing the interpolation at non-constant velocity; sometimes this is desired, sometimes it is not. Having a non-constant velocity can produce a more natural rotation feeling without the need of tweaking the weights; however if your scene relies on the timing of the rotation or assumes it will point at a specific angle at a specific weight value, Slerp is a better choice.

◆ Norm()

Real Ogre::Quaternion::Norm ( ) const

◆ normalise()

Real Ogre::Quaternion::normalise ( )

Normalises this quaternion, and returns the previous length.

Referenced by Ogre::Vector3::getRotationTo().

◆ operator!=()

bool Ogre::Quaternion::operator!= ( const Quaternion rhs) const
inline

References Ogre::operator==().

◆ operator*() [1/3]

Quaternion Ogre::Quaternion::operator* ( const Quaternion rkQ) const

◆ operator*() [2/3]

Vector3 Ogre::Quaternion::operator* ( const Vector3 rkVector) const

Rotation of a vector by a quaternion.

◆ operator*() [3/3]

Quaternion Ogre::Quaternion::operator* ( Real  fScalar) const

◆ operator+()

Quaternion Ogre::Quaternion::operator+ ( const Quaternion rkQ) const

◆ operator-() [1/2]

Quaternion Ogre::Quaternion::operator- ( ) const

◆ operator-() [2/2]

Quaternion Ogre::Quaternion::operator- ( const Quaternion rkQ) const

◆ operator==()

bool Ogre::Quaternion::operator== ( const Quaternion rhs) const
inline

References w, x, y, and z.

◆ operator[]() [1/2]

Real& Ogre::Quaternion::operator[] ( const size_t  i)
inline

Array accessor operator.

◆ operator[]() [2/2]

Real Ogre::Quaternion::operator[] ( const size_t  i) const
inline

Array accessor operator.

◆ orientationEquals()

bool Ogre::Quaternion::orientationEquals ( const Quaternion other,
Real  tolerance = 1e-3 
) const
inline

Compare two quaternions which are assumed to be used as orientations.

Remarks
Both equals() and orientationEquals() measure the exact same thing. One measures the difference by angle, the other by a different, non-linear metric.
Returns
true if the two orientations are the same or very close, relative to the given tolerance. Slerp ( 0.75f, A, B ) != Slerp ( 0.25f, B, A ); therefore be careful if your code relies in the order of the operands. This is specially important in IK animation.

◆ ptr() [1/2]

Real* Ogre::Quaternion::ptr ( )
inline

Pointer accessor for direct copying.

◆ ptr() [2/2]

const Real* Ogre::Quaternion::ptr ( ) const
inline

Pointer accessor for direct copying.

◆ Slerp()

static Quaternion Ogre::Quaternion::Slerp ( Real  fT,
const Quaternion rkP,
const Quaternion rkQ,
bool  shortestPath = false 
)
static

Performs Spherical linear interpolation between two quaternions, and returns the result.

Slerp ( 0.0f, A, B ) = A Slerp ( 1.0f, A, B ) = B

Returns
Interpolated quaternion
Remarks
Slerp has the proprieties of performing the interpolation at constant velocity, and being torque-minimal (unless shortestPath=false). However, it's NOT commutative, which means Slerp ( 0.75f, A, B ) != Slerp ( 0.25f, B, A ); therefore be careful if your code relies in the order of the operands. This is specially important in IK animation.

◆ SlerpExtraSpins()

static Quaternion Ogre::Quaternion::SlerpExtraSpins ( Real  fT,
const Quaternion rkP,
const Quaternion rkQ,
int  iExtraSpins 
)
static
See also
Slerp. It adds extra "spins" (i.e. rotates several times) specified by parameter 'iExtraSpins' while interpolating before arriving to the final values

◆ Squad()

static Quaternion Ogre::Quaternion::Squad ( Real  fT,
const Quaternion rkP,
const Quaternion rkA,
const Quaternion rkB,
const Quaternion rkQ,
bool  shortestPath = false 
)
static

Spherical quadratic interpolation.

◆ swap()

void Ogre::Quaternion::swap ( Quaternion other)
inline

Exchange the contents of this quaternion with another.

References std::swap(), w, x, y, and z.

◆ ToAngleAxis() [1/2]

void Ogre::Quaternion::ToAngleAxis ( Degree dAngle,
Vector3 rkAxis 
) const
inline

◆ ToAngleAxis() [2/2]

void Ogre::Quaternion::ToAngleAxis ( Radian rfAngle,
Vector3 rkAxis 
) const

◆ ToAxes() [1/2]

void Ogre::Quaternion::ToAxes ( Vector3 xAxis,
Vector3 yAxis,
Vector3 zAxis 
) const

◆ ToAxes() [2/2]

void Ogre::Quaternion::ToAxes ( Vector3 akAxis) const

Gets the 3 orthonormal axes defining the quaternion.

See also
FromAxes

◆ ToRotationMatrix()

void Ogre::Quaternion::ToRotationMatrix ( Matrix3 kRot) const

Referenced by Ogre::Matrix4::Matrix4().

◆ UnitInverse()

Quaternion Ogre::Quaternion::UnitInverse ( ) const

Apply to non-zero quaternion.

◆ xAxis()

Vector3 Ogre::Quaternion::xAxis ( ) const

Returns the X orthonormal axis defining the quaternion.

Same as doing xAxis = Vector3::UNIT_X * this. Also called the local X-axis

Referenced by Ogre::VertexBufferDownloadHelper::getNormal().

◆ yAxis()

Vector3 Ogre::Quaternion::yAxis ( ) const

Returns the Y orthonormal axis defining the quaternion.

Same as doing yAxis = Vector3::UNIT_Y * this. Also called the local Y-axis

◆ zAxis()

Vector3 Ogre::Quaternion::zAxis ( ) const

Returns the Z orthonormal axis defining the quaternion.

Same as doing zAxis = Vector3::UNIT_Z * this. Also called the local Z-axis

Friends And Related Function Documentation

◆ operator*

_OgreExport friend Quaternion operator* ( Real  fScalar,
const Quaternion rkQ 
)
friend

◆ operator<<

_OgreExport friend std::ostream& operator<< ( std::ostream &  o,
const Quaternion q 
)
friend

Function for writing to a stream.

Outputs "Quaternion(w, x, y, z)" with w,x,y,z being the member values of the quaternion.

Member Data Documentation

◆ IDENTITY

const Quaternion Ogre::Quaternion::IDENTITY
static

◆ msEpsilon

const Real Ogre::Quaternion::msEpsilon
static

Cutoff for sine near zero.

◆ w

◆ x

◆ y

◆ z

◆ ZERO

const Quaternion Ogre::Quaternion::ZERO
static

The documentation for this class was generated from the following file: